Deburring devices

ABSTRACT

Angularly disposed jaws of a forcefully vibrated peening tool peen a metal edge or edges to be deburred, thereby smoothing said edges. The peening tool is vibrated by motion derived from teeth, or indentations, or equivalent irregular surfaces of a rapidly rotated hammer.

United States Patent Neilsen 1 51 Dec. 26, 1972 54 DEBURRING DEVICES3,268,014 8/1966 Drew ..173 97 3,371,725 3/1968 Jansen ..l73/l23 [72]Inventor. lllldaur L. Neilsen, 2 Jumper Street,

Metuchen NJ. 08840 3,412,594 1l/1968 Lund ..72/l52 [22] Filed: June 1 6,1971 FOREIGN PATENTS 0R APPLICATIONS [2]] App] 153 7 497,959 5/1930Germany .l73/123 Primary Examiner-Lowell A. Larson [52] US. Cl...72/429, 72/452,l7722/;11726 Assistant Examiner cene Crosby 51 1111.01...B2lj 7 02 4'-"" [58] Field of Search ..72/429, 452, 476,379;

173/123; 74/55 [57] ABSTRACT Angularly disposed jaws of aforcefullyvibrated peen- [56] References Cited ing tool peen a metaledge or edges to be deburred, thereby smoothing said edges. The peeningtool is UNITED STATES PATENTS vibrated by motion derived from teeth, orindenta- 1,040,424 10/1912 Salt ..173/123 tions, or equivalent irregularsurfaces of a rapidly 1,053,744 2/1913 Phillips ..l73/l23 rotatedhammer.

1,075,950 10/1913 Smith ..l73/l23 3,160,217 12/1964 Raihle ..173/123 16Claims, 12 Drawing Figures PATENTEDnc26 m2 3,707,087

sum 2 or 2 1 76 86 V A 2%; H 93 ag/'8 mm m A 1A FIG. 12 FIG. 11

INVENTOR: HILDAUR L. NEILSEN A TTORNE V DEBURRING DEVICES BACKGROUND OFTHE INVENTION Various difficulties have hitherto been encountered in thedeburring of edges of sheet metal which has been cut by either apunching or a shearing action. The difficulties arise largely becausesuch deburring has usually been done either by cutting away the burrededge or by abrading it away.

The practice of either of the latter procedures has required complex,costly machines in which the cutting or abrading tools become overheatedunless the machine includes tool cooling means which add to the cost ofthe machine and give rise to some operational difficulty from the merepresence of the cooling fluid.

Cutting or abrading, as in prior practice, leaves cuttings or dust whichmust be cleaned off after the machine has been used. The cutting orabrading tools wear rapidly and require frequent servicing orreplacement. The prior machines, also, are limited to deburring onlystraight edges. As far as the applicant is aware, no practical hand toolfor deburring has hitherto been developed.

OBJECTS OF THIS INVENTION An important object of this invention is toprovide a deburring tool which may be utilized either as a hand tool oras an accessory of a machine tool such as, for example, a drill press.

Another important object is the provision of a deburring tool which maybe used to debur not only straight edges, but also sinuous edges orother edges which are of other than straight configuration.

Another important object is the provision of a deburring device whichcan be manufactured at a relatively low cost, and which overcomes thevarious difficulties hereinbefore set forth.

These and other objects are achieved by a device according to thisinvention which peens or smoothes away rough edges left when sheet metalis either punched or sheared.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING In the accompanying drawing whichillustrates the present invention:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a deburring device according to thisinvention, shown in position upon a sheet metal edge being deburred.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the device, portions thereof being shown incentral, axial section.

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the parts shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is an elevational view of the working end of a peening tool inthe device as seen looking up at the bottom of FIG. 2.

FIG. 5 is a view of the bottom of a rotary hammer in the device as seenat the plane of line 5-5 of FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary, central, axial sectional view substantially onthe line 66 of FIG. 1.

FIG. 7 is a fragmentary, side elevational view of a modified form ofpeening tool suitable for use as a part of a device according to thisinvention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a modified embodiment according to thisinvention, the section being substantially at a plane wherein a modifiedhammer, a peening tool, and impact transmission means are located.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view, substantially on the line 99 of FIG. 8.

FIG. 10 is a fragmentary, side elevational view of the working end of afurther modified form of hammer.

FIG. 1 1 is a bottom elevational view of the rotary hammer of FIG. 10.

FIG. 12 is a view, substantially like FIG. 6, but showing the use of twopeening tools in face-to-face relationship.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The details of a deburring deviceaccording to a preferred form of this invention may best be understoodby reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 wherein the device, generallyindicated at 20, is shown in deburring relation to an edge a of a sheetmetal strip B, and in operational relationshipto a suitable motor Cwhich is provided for operating a hammering-peening mechanism in thedevice.

The device 20 comprises a rotary hammer 22,- of which a stem 24 isadapted for tight engagement within a chuck d of the motor C. Anenlarged lower end portion 26 of the hammer is formed on its bottom,generally flat, working surface, with a continuous series of concentricfrusto-spherical indentations 28.

The hammers lower end portion 26 extends coaxially within a barrel 30,and is borne for turning therein within a needle bearing 32. Thisbearing, and the hammers portion 26 bottom upon an internal, radial wall34 of the barrel. The bearing 32 and the hammer portion 26 are lockedinto the barrel 30 by washers 36a, b, and c and a snap ring 38 which, byits resilience, snaps into and is retained in an inner annular recess 40formed near theupper end of the barrel.

Impact transmitting means in the form of hard steel balls 42 aresomewhat loosely disposed within separate openings 44 which are formedin the barrels wall 34 and are in axial alignment with the series ofindentations 28. The openings 44 communicate with a slot 46 whichextends centrally in the barrel 30 and opens at the latters lower end.The slot 46 is narrower than the diameters of the balls 42, therebyproviding shoulders 48 at the lower ends of the openings 44 to retainthe balls against dislodgement therefrom.

A peening tool 50, preferably formed of flat tool steel, of the generalshape shown clearly in FIG. 3, is slideably disposed in the slot 46. Itis held in said slot by a reduced end portion 52 of a steadying rod orhandle 54 which extends with an accurate fit within a transverse bore 56in the barrel 30, and with a loose fit within an oval opening 58 in thetool 50. The rod 54 is held in place within the barrel 30 by a cotterpin 60.

The fit of the tool within the slot 46 is only loose enough to permitthe tool to slide freely in said slot. However, as the tool 50 is heldwithin the slot at the oval opening 58, the tool has permissible axialmovement within the limits of the greater diameter of the opening 58,and also has the capability of some angular movement, within the slot46, about the rod 54.

The tool 50 is preferably tapered at the lower portions of its oppositesides, to a jaw shaped lower extremity in the form of a pair of jaws 62defining therebetween an angle 64 adapted for reception of therectangular edge a of the strip B which is being deburred. The toolmetal defining the angle 64 is preferably rounded as at 66 to avoidpresenting any sharp, possibly nicking edges of metal to the strip edgebeing deburred.

OPERATION OF THE DESCRIBED DEVICE With the hammer 22 being turned athigh speed by motor C, and the device as a whole being held againstrotation by manual holding of the handle 54, the strip B is urgedforcefully against the tool 50 or said tool is urged forcefully againstthe strip while the latter is being moved lengthwisely, relatively tothe deburring device, between the jaws 62 of the peening tool. Thiscauses the peening tool to vibrate axially due to the enga'gementof itsupper end with the balls 42 which are subjected to rapid impact byintermittent seating within the indentations 28 at the lower end of therotating hammer 22.

The rapid vibration of the tool 50 causes its jaws 62 to peen the edgesof the strip being moved therebetween, thereby deburring said edges. Ifthe device is used with a machine tool such as, for example, a drillpress, the handle 54 may be positioned into engagement with some fixedpart of the machine tool, to prevent barrel 30 from turning.

SOME MODIFICATIONS OF THE DEVICE The peening tool, instead of having itstwo jaw faces at similaracute angles relatively to a center line of thetool as with the jaws 62 of FIG. 2, may, as in FIG. 7, have one jaw face68 extending in parallelism or in alignment with a projected center line70 of the tool 67, while the other jaw face 72 extends at an angle tothe center line. This arrangement would be desirable in some cases as,for example, if the face b of the metal strip B were japanned,lacquered, highly polished or otherwise specially finished. It will beunderstood, of course, that peening tools of various types or designsmay readily be interchanged in the device.

The modification of FIGS. 8 and 9 employs, as a hammer, a peripherallytoothed wheel 74 having a rigidly associated stem .76 by means of whichsaid wheel may be rapidly rotated by a suitable motor. The wheel 74, apeening tool 78, and impact transmitting means in the form of a hardsteel cylindrical roller 80 are retained within suitable recessesbetween a body member 82 and a plate 84 held by screws 86 to the bodymember.

An enlarged head 88 of the tool 78, working loosely in an internalrecess 90 serves to effect capture of the peening tool againstdislodgement from the body member 82. The working end of the tool 78 isprovided with a suitable peening jaw arrangement 92 as already discussedwith reference to the tools shown in FIGS. 2 and 7. In operation, thetoothed wheel 74 and roller 80 yield a similar impact of the peeningtool upon a sheet metal edge to be deburred as is provided by the rotaryhammer, ball, and peening tool arrangement illustrated in FIG. 2.Handles 93 function similarly to the handle 54 of FIGS. 1 and 6 to holdthe body member 82 against rotation.

FIGS. and 11 illustrate a modified lower end of a rotary hammer 94wherein a circumferential series of indentations or flutings 96 areemployed to perform an impact function somewhat similar'to theindentations 28 shown in FIGS. 3 and 5.

FIG. 12 illustrates an arrangement wherein two similar face-to-facepeening tools 98 are employed instead of the single peening tool 50shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 1-6 and FIG. 7. The two tools 98 SOMEVIRTUES OF THIS INVENTION As the illustrated peening tools 50, 67, 78,and 98 are caused to reciprocate axially at high speed and are capableof some angular movement during such reciprocation, they peen burrededges'of the metal piece at such close points along that edge that notonly is the desired deburring effected but the peened edge, also, ismade very smooth. This smooth finishing of the metal edge may besomewhat more perfectly accomplished where the dual-tool arrangement ofFIG. 12 is employed as the two tools almost simultaneously engagedifferent points at the metal edge and the axial reciprocation andangular movement of the two tools occur at slightly different times fromthe action of the balls 42 or the roller 80.

It will be observed from FIG. 1 that, in deburring the edge a, thedevice is so constituted that it not only is slideable freely alongstraight portions of that edge but is easily maneuverable aboutirregular edge portions such as, for example, the curved portion a1 theoutside angular portion a2, and the inside angular portion a3.

As the deburring device of this invention does not rely on cutting awayor abrading away burr metal, but relies upon a peening effect,troublesome wear is avoided, and no parts of the device require frequentservicing or replacement. Also, where cutting away or abrading isemployed for deburring purposes, as in prior devices, the cuttings orthe metal particles from abrading collect upon the device and upon themetal strip and must be cleaned therefrom. Use of the device of thisinvention does not produce such cuttings or metal particles, hence, nosuch cleaning is necessary.

Iclaim:

l. A deburring device for smoothing the edges of sheet metal, comprisinga tool formed with a pair of jaws having angularly related surfaceswithin which an edge of sheet metal may be engaged, a rotary hammerhaving an interrupted-circular working surface, and impact transmittingmeans coacting with said working surface and with said tool to forciblyimpel the latter intermittently against the edge of the sheet metal.

2. A deburring device according to claim 1, said working surface havinga coaxial series of interruptions therein.

3. A deburring device according to claim 2, said interruptions beingindentations.

4. A deburring device according to claim 2, said interruptions beingprotuberances.

5. A deburring device according to claim 2, said working surface beingfiat, and said interruptions being frusto-spherical indentations in saidflat surface.

6. A deburring device according to claim 2, said working surface beingflat, and said interruptions being peripheral flutings in said flatsurface.

7. A deburring device according to claim 2, said working surface beingcylindrical, and said interruppact transmitting means being acylindrical roller.

10. A deburring device according to claim 1, said jaw surfaces beingrounded to avoid nicking of a metal edge engaged thereby.

11. A deburring device according to claim 1, said surfaces of the pairof jaws both being acute-angularly related to a projected center line ofthe tool extending between said jaws.

12. A deburring device according to claim 1, one of said surfaces of thepair of jaws being acute-angularly related to a projected center line ofthe tool extending between said jaws and the other of said jaw surfacesbeing approximately parallel to said projected center line.

13. A deburring device according to claim 1, further comprising a barrelmember within which said working surface of the hammer and said impacttransmitting means are located; said barrel member being formed with aslot extending axially thereof and said tool being flat and slideablydisposed within said slot with the jaws of the tool extending exteriorlyof said barrel member for engagement with a metal edge to be deburred,and a portion of said tool, distal from said jaws, extending within saidbarrel member in position for engagement with said impact transmittingmeans.

14. A deburring device according to claim 13, further comprising ahandle having an end portion extending through said barrel member andthrough an oval opening formed in said tool to hold the latter againstdisassociation from the barrel member while permitting said tool toreciprocate axially within said barrel member upon being urged intooperative engagement with said impact transmitting means.

15. A deburring device according to claim 13, said device including aplurality of said tools similarly disposed in face-to-face, slideableinterrelationship within said slot.

16. A deburring device for smoothing the edges of sheet metal,comprising a tool formed with a pair of jaws having angularly relatedsurfaces within which an edge of sheet metal may be engaged, and hammermeans coacting with said tool to forcibly impel the lObOlZ 0H4

1. A deburring device for smoothing the edges of sheet metal, comprisinga tool formed with a pair of jaws having angularly related surfaceswithin which an edge of sheet metal may be engaged, a rotary hammerhaving an interrupted-circular working surface, and impact transmittingmeans coacting with said working surface and with said tool to forciblyimpel the latter intermittently against the edge of the sheet metal. 2.A deburring device according to claim 1, said working surface having acoaxial series of interruptions therein.
 3. A deburring device accordingto claim 2, said interruptions being indentations.
 4. A deburring deviceaccording to claim 2, said interruptions being protuberances.
 5. Adeburring device according to claim 2, said working surface being flat,and said interruptions being frusto-spherical indentations in said flatsurface.
 6. A deburring device according to claim 2, said workingsurface being flat, and said interruptions being peripheral flutings insaid flat surface.
 7. A deburring device according to claim 2, saidworking surface being cylindrical, and said interruptions being acontinuous series of teeth on said working surface.
 8. A deburringdevice according to claim 5, said impact transmitting means being pluralballs.
 9. A deburring device according to claim 7, said impacttransmitting means being a cylindrical roller.
 10. A deburring deviceaccording to claim 1, said jaw surfaces being rounded to avoid nickingof a metal edge engaged thereby.
 11. A deburring device according toclaim 1, said surfaces of the pair of jaws both being acute-angularlyrelated to a projected center line of the tool extending between saidjaws.
 12. A deburring device according to claim 1, one of said surfacesof the pair of jaws being acute-angularly related to a projected centerline of the tool extending between said jaws and the other of said jawsurfaces being approximately parallel to said projected center line. 13.A deburring device according to claim 1, further comprising a barrelmember within which said working surface of the hammer and said impacttransmitting means are located; said barrel member being formed with aslot extending axially thereof and said tool being flat and slideablydisposed within said slot with the jaws of the tool extending exteriorlyof said barrel member for engagement with a metal edge to be deburred,and a portion of said tool, distal from said jaws, extending within saidbarrel member in position for engagement with said impact transmittingmeans.
 14. A deburring device according to claim 13, further comprisinga handle having an end portion extending through said barrel member andthrough an oval opening formed in said tool to hold the latter againstdisassociation from the barrel member while permitting said tool toreciprocate axially within said barrel member upon being urged intooperative engagement with said impact transmitting means.
 15. Adeburring device according to claim 13, said device including aplurality of said tools similarly disposed in face-to-face, slideableinterrelationship within said slot.
 16. A deburring device for smoothingthe edges of sheet metal, comprising a tool formed with a pair of jawshaving angularly related surfaces within which an edge of sheet metalmay be engaged, and hammer means coacting with said tool to forciblyimpel the latter against the edge of the sheet metal.